• Sanchita Ain is an Advocate On Record in the Supreme Court of India and has completed a B.A.LL.B from Faculty of Law, Aligarh Muslim University and an LL.M from the University of Essex in International Human Rights.

    She is currently working in the Chambers of Senior Advocate Salman Khurshid.

    In this FPA conducted by Prakhar Rathi, Sanchita discusses her LL.M. experience at the University of Essex, the things to keep in mind while applying, and a whole lot more.

    Sanchita Ain is an Advocate On Record (AOR) in Supreme Court of India and has completed B.A.LL.B from Faculty of Law, Aligarh Muslim University and her LL.M from the University of Essex in International Human Rights.
    Sanchita Ain

    How did you develop an interest in law?

    I was in 10+2, where I was also studying political science as a subject. We had Indian polity where we were studying about the Constitution of India. This was when I realized that I was not just good at it, but I also wanted to know more, and so I found it interesting.

    So, when [Aligarh Muslim University professor] Rehmatullah Sir asked us why we all came to study law, my answer to him was that I had an interest in studying it. While many responded with the answer that they wanted to join the judiciary, or become a litigator, my answer to him was that I don’t know what I will do after studying law and that it’s just because of an interest in law that I have come to study law.

    Were you considering your LL.M as an undergraduate student, or was it something that you planned after you had done the five-year course?

    It was in the fourth year when I had developed an interest in academics, and I wanted to teach as well as research. That is when I thought of doing an LL.M.

    I also looked at the curriculum of the National Law Universities, and that is when I realized that I would prefer to go abroad because there will be more to learn there. So, it was just out of my yearning to learn that I thought of applying abroad.

    I did also give the CLAT PG, and with a rank of 44, I would have gotten into NALSAR.

    I wrote the CLAT PG because I wanted to make a choice only after I had multiple options. So even though I knew I am going abroad, that didn’t stop me from applying in India as well.

    In fact, I got into the LL.M PhD programme that was started by Prof. Faizan Mustafa at NLU Orissa. When I got there, there were only five seats and only two people could make it. The course was designed by professor N. R. Madhava Menon, and included stipends,.

    It was a very attractive proposition because we were being trained to become professors.

    So I started doing that, and after a year, unfortunately, the course was scrapped.

    At the same time, I had also received an unconditional offer even before I had given my 9th semester Examinations, which generally does not happen. Usually, you  receive a conditional offer and only when you send your final transcripts do they confirm your place.

    I called Prof. Faizan and told him about this unconditional offer, and he congratulated me. I asked him whether I should accept it, and he told me that I should as it is the best for International Human Rights Law.

    Thankfully my senior, Siddharth Puller, advised me to defer the offer and go a year later. Which is what I ended up doing.

    Given your focus on Human Rights, how did you go about selecting where to apply for your LL.M, and how did you narrow it down to University to Essex?

    The moment I had the idea of studying International Human Rights Law, I approached Prof. Faizan who  advised that I should apply to Essex and Nottingham.

    I realized that Essex was the better one, and so I only applied to Essex at that time. Since I received an unconditional offer within the first two weeks itself, I did not really shortlist any other universities, or apply anywhere else.

    What advice would you like to give for the application itself?

    A lot of research needs to be done for your motivation letter. You cannot just sit and think, you need to read through different kind of samples available online, and the requirements of each university.

    There are several universities that provide guideline on how to write the letter of motivation, or what all components should be included.

    So, I was looking at those as well, and I was reading a lot of sample personal statements online. I did a lot of research to that extent, but when I started writing it, I made sure that it was very personal, and authentic.

    It was something that came from my own life.

    Did you apply or did you receive any financial aid?

    I did have a scholarship when I had applied, but since I deferred it, unfortunately the scholarship was not deferred. My suggestion is to apply initially for all the scholarships. There might be tough competition for the scholarships as the scholarship committee gives a lot of significance and weightage to experienced candidates.

    Maybe you should work for two years and then apply as you will have a better understanding.

    What were some of the highlights of your LL.M experience?

     I would read all night about Essex, the place, the culture, about everything! I would plan everything while sitting in my room in India. When I finally landed there, it didn’t even take me one moment to adjust or adapt to the place because it was very adaptable for the students due to the diversity.

    There is a system in place to take care of every little issue that you may have. Even before you have those issues, they ensure that during orientation they have told you about everything you may face in future.

    So you don’t need time to adapt, but the thing is, you only have one year and it is a very intensive course. Especially with my course, everyone was so focused that we were famous in the whole campus as the people who remain very stressed about their course!

    In a sense, I think we didn’t enjoy the campus life to a large extent, but it was part of our learning experience.

    The best part was that since we had 70+ students from all over the world who had been selected from the best, they had told us on day one itself that we have the ability to become future leaders.

    A lot of candidates had a lot of experience. During classes while discussing cases we would often hear people say that they had worked on that case, or they had appeared in that case, and we got a first-hand account from them on what happened behind the scenes, making it a lively discussion.

    We also had seminar courses which consisted of smaller group of students in a round table discussing the topics. We were given reference materials which we would read and then give each of our opinions.

    This helped me grow personally, something that nobody can take away from me. You may know, learn stuff even by staying in India but the kind of personal growth that I had every day, every moment, was something that will forever stay with me and I would say that it is worth it.

    Lastly, do you have any advice for an Indian graduate who wants to pursue his/her Master’s degree, especially in the area of Human Rights?

    My advice would be that if you are going for Human Rights then, of course, there is no better place than Essex. There are also some countries where the government offers special scholarships only if you are going to Essex. In India, unfortunately, there is not that much awareness.

    Malcolm Shaw was the first director of the Human Rights Centre which is the oldest human right centre, and I managed to meet him because [the Centre] was celebrating 30 years that year.

    So Malcolm Shaw himself had come!.

    You need to be confident about expressing your opinion. You need to start networking from the beginning, and remain open to opportunities. You can always professors after looking at their profiles, and telling them about your career-related interests or problems.

    There is no need to be shy as they are very responsive and will guide you.

    You should be open to learning from the very beginning otherwise you don’t even know how one year passes. Do not only focus on academics but also look for opportunities.

    Also, you can ask your classmates what they have been doing and if they can help you in any manner.

    All of this really does help.

    (Prakhar Rathi is a law student Aligarh Muslim University, and a mentee at the UPeksha Mentorship Programme)


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  • Chasing dreams: How to find the University that is best for you

    Harsh Mahaseth

    As you may have realised, there are many options when you decide to apply for universities, and so it is very important to search for a university that fits your needs. One should not look only at the world university rankings and decide on their postgraduate studies; this might not lead to the best choice for you.

    Now, there are a range of factors that should be considered while deciding where to study, some of which are: 

    1.

    Rankings

    Rankings do matter to some extent, but even here, it is important to look at the specific rankings. You should not decide that you want to study at University “X” just because it ranked as the best university for law. Instead, you should find universities which are the best for your specific area of law.

    With an interest in Asian Legal Studies for instance, it would not make sense to just go to the top-ranking university where there is no such specialization or courses. 

    2.
    Faculty & Courses on offer

    It is important to research on the faculties and the courses that are offered to the students. If I have an interest in Environmental Law for example, I would want to study at a law school where there are experts in this area and also many courses which specialize in it too.

    3.
    Work Opportunities

    It is also important to identify the potential opportunities you can get while studying and also once you graduate. If you want to focus on research, then you would want to study at universities where there are research centres. Some universities provide graduate students with the opportunity to work as teaching assistants, while in some countries students can work part-time in law firms or think tanks.

    It is also important to know what you want to do once you complete your studies. Some people want to work in the same country and so they do their postgraduate studies in that particular country.

    For this, it is important to research on the visa details and whether it is possible to write the Bar examination of that particular country, and whether you are eligible to work in that country once you graduate. 

    4.
    Campus and Living Environment

    It is very important to examine the living environment of the university you want to attend. Some people cannot live in particular areas or countries because of the harsh living conditions, the food (or lack of familiar food), the facilities present in that area.

    For someone who had studied his/her bachelors in India with a mess to eat food, a person who came and collected clothes and washed, and ironed them, a dearth of Indian cuisine, and family members only a short distance away, it might be a little tough to adapt to an independent lifestyle with you doing everything on your own.

    5.
    Finances

    Finances are an important aspect while searching for universities. You should calculate the total expenses, including living and maintenance costs, and then also search for scholarships. Scholarships can be awarded by the university itself, or by external organizations.

    Countries such as the United Kingdom, China, Japan, South Korea, etc. have several scholarships offered by external organizations or even the Governments themselves. Scholarships have different deadlines and so it is important to start this process as early as possible. 



    There is no doubt that selecting your university is an arduous task, but it is also an extremely rewarding one if you gain admission to your dream university.

    So, I would suggest that you should start your search right away, and if you do need any help, then do not shy away from asking people. And remember that Amicus Partners is here to help you find the ideal programme for you. 

    (Harsh Mahaseth is an LL.M. consultant at Amicus Partners)


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  • Ananya Chhaochharia is the founder of Paint It Red, an organisation that focuses on menstrual rights, education and awareness. I recently came across her LinkedIn post offering help to anyone applying for a Masters in Public Policy course.

    Given her own successful admission to the MPP at the Harvard Kennedy School, it is safe to say that she would know a thing or two about the application process.  Which is why I get her to share a few words on Paint It Red, the MPP itself, as well as how to go about the application process. 

    Ananya Chhaochharia is the founder of Paint It Red, an organisation that focuses on menstrual rights education and awareness.
    Ananya Chhaochharia

    Before we get to the MPP, could you tell me a bit about Paint It Red? What have been some of the learnings made along the way, and how do you think law students or lawyers can support the movement? 

    Paint it Red is a non-profit organisation advocating for menstrual rights and reduction of period poverty. The stigmatisation of periods has a cultural and religious history, and we are consistently trying to undo them. We work with young girls to prepare them for their menstrual cycle and to prevent them from developing the same misconceptions as the generations before them.

    To create ease in periods, we also act as a channel for providing subsidised, sustainable menstrual products. During COVID-19 we provided over 56,000 cloth pads across six States reaching 11,000 beneficiaries in merely 75 days!

    In the short duration of one year, we have developed keen insights on the development sector in India;  the challenges are immense.

    From stringent funding to the unprecedented pandemic situation, the sector demands innovation and adaptive leadership. We have learnt to communicate creatively, manage scarce resources, and concentrate solely on the bigger picture.

    Menstruators and non-menstruators can contribute to the movement, regardless of profession. Menstruation is at the very foundation of human dignity and the absence of recognition of menstrual rights hinders the realisation of several universal human rights.

    Menstruation is at the very foundation of human dignity and the absence of recognition of menstrual rights hinders the realisation of several universal human rights.

    The movement can only be enhanced if every person makes it their personal mission to create a conducive environment around them. The first step is to break the silence – avoid using euphemisms, stop hiding behind black packets and blue liquids, start asking for basic amenities at workplace/academic institutions, and most importantly demanding accountability from elected leaders. 

    Given that our readership consists primarily of law graduates and students, any thoughts on how best to introduce the MPP degree?

    The MPP degree is an intersectional and practical course which aims to manage all three pillars of public policy – design, execution, and communication. Law graduates could become efficient public leaders if they pursue an MPP degree. The complementary fields only strengthens the attributes of a lawyer – regardless of whether they decide to practice or not.

    With your own experience with Paint It Red, how does the MPP fit into your future goals? 

    I have been a contributor to the social sector for nearly a decade. I believe in long-term transformative change which can only be brought about through institutional measures.

    One such avenue happens to be public policy. A restless feminist, I want to advocate for policies which can challenge systemic issues of patriarchy, and the intersectionality of gender politics.

    The MPP degree will augment my field and personal experiences to bolster my attempts at being a public leader who represents gender based issues without any inhibition.

    And once you had decided to pursue the course, how did you go about selecting just where to apply?  

    Finding the right University is definitely not a simple task. I started with the macro concerns – country, finances, and general offerings of a course. After narrowing it down to the USA, which offered a more pragmatic approach to the subject, I went on to deep dive into Universities that offered an MPP.

    At this stage, my checklist included understanding the focus areas of the school, course methodology, academic ethos, faculty profiles, networking and internship opportunities, and my overall compatibility based on my profile and aspirations.

    I took a calculated risk of only applying to 5 top ranked universities with the commitment to put in my mind, heart, and soul into the application process.

    Next comes the application process itself – what were some of the most challenging aspects of the application? And how much time do you think one should set aside for the entire process? 

    The application process is as much about applying to your dream school as it is about introspecting on your vision and mission. Writing about yourself, your aspirations, your life’s challenges, and vision is a mammoth task.

    The application process is as much about applying to your dream school as it is about introspecting on your vision and mission. Writing about yourself, your aspirations, your life’s challenges, and vision is a mammoth task.

    On several occasions, when draft after draft of essays were rejected by my mentor, I found myself losing hope. It required several rounds of reliving my own story and being able to relay that with the same emotion that I had felt then.

    Another challenge is finding the right referees. Your references can make or break your application. I was fortunate to have the most supportive and nurturing referees and I highly recommend that every applicant spends adequate time on this part of the application.

    It is rather difficult to pin point a time frame for applications. If I am to generalise, a working individual (full-time job) should start nearly 6 months in advance – this includes taking GRE, college research, and consulting referees/mentors.

    Ideally one should be done with GRE and/or IELTS/TOEFL before the application goes live in September.

    Am sure you get asked this a lot, but how easy/difficult is it to receive financial aid? Apart from University grants, are there any other avenues that prospective applicants ought to look at?

    Grants and scholarship opportunities are myriad. Every University has an internal funding portal which may or may not be linked to your application. Additionally there are external funding opportunities for MPP students. It is, however, an extremely competitive space and one should plan their finances well in advance.

    Lastly, any advice for Indian graduates who are considering a master’s abroad? 

    Most of us come from a place where we obsess about marks. When applying abroad, do not get stuck up on your graduation marks or GRE scores. One should concentrate on ensuring that they have a strong overall profile and adequate experience that shines through as life lessons in the application.


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  • First Person Accounts (FPA’s) are meant to provide a first-hand account of Indian graduates who have pursued, or are pursuing, a post-graduate course (LL.M. or otherwise) from different universities across the world.

    Dhakshayanee Srinivasan recently completed the LL.M. (Peace Operations, Humanitarian Law & Conflict) from the National University of Ireland, Galway. In this interview, the SASTRA law graduate (Class of ’19) discusses why she chose this particular LL.M., her experiences at university, and a lot more. 

    Dhakshayanee Srinivasan recently completed the LL.M. (Peace Operations, Humanitarian Law & Conflict)
    Dhakshayanee Srinivasan 

    That is an interesting choice made with respect to the Irish Centre – what were the factors that led you to choose the National University of Ireland?

    The Irish Centre of Human Rights at the National University of Ireland, Galway is one of the premier institutes which not only promotes and conducts research in human rights, international humanitarian law and international criminal law, but also hops on to the front lines and actively vocates for the same.

    This active and engaging nature of the Centre drew me in.

    Given your specific interest in international humanitarian law, were there any other schools that you considered? And how early did you begin the entire LL.M. application process?

    It all started when as a part of the syllabi in undergraduate studies, public international law was being introduced. Engaging with that subject seemed to pull in a lot of my interests such as international relations, public policy and the workings of the international organizations.

    Roughly around the end of the third year, I was bent upon specialising in international humanitarian law and counter-terrorism.

    I began researching on different schools at the start of the fourth year. Taking my work ethics and other allied interests into consideration I narrowed it down to five schools: University of Essex, Geneva institute, Trinity College Dublin, University of Kent, and NUIG.

    However, I started the application process by the start of final year.

    Any advice on how to go about the application itself? 

    When it comes to applying, there are two components that play a major role: letter of recommendation and personal statement.

    The letter of recommendation provides a first-hand account (not only academics but the nature and personality) of the applicant. Thus it makes the selection of a referee crucial. Make sure that they are acquainted with you well enough to describe your strengths and weaknesses.

    Work out different combinations when it comes to selecting a referee (two professors, or two employers or one professor and an employer) depending on your background and suitability.

    The personal statement as opposed to a statement of purpose, provides an insight into what motivates and drives an applicant. A well thought out and authentic written personal statement, more often than not carries the application far.

    How was the LL.M. experience? What were some of the most challenging aspects of the course?

    The experience was definitely wholesome. Academically, the discussions with the professors and fellow colleagues during and outside the class was enriching. The LL.M. class consisted of colleagues from different walks of life, which very much added to the quality of discussions engaged in. The seminars conducted by the centre on various contemporary topics, definitely added to the academic experience.

    When speaking about the LL.M. experience one cannot negate the cultural experiences as well. Galway is famously dubbed as the student city. The community is really friendly and it adds to the experience.

    The challenging aspects of the course, in my opinion is definitely the assessments and workload. The students are expected to turn out research papers as a part of the assessment and more often than not, balancing between the different subject assignment can be quite difficult, unless one starts well ahead.

    Early days for now, but how do you think the LL.M. has helped further your own professional growth and development? 

    In my personal opinion, the LL.M. at the Irish Centre of Human Rights has definitely helped me further my professional growth. The ability to analyse global trends and it effects and impact on the other countries; the ethics when working in a conflict field, and the importance of various international organizations and the need for them has been much highlighted throughout.

    What was your reading of the employment opportunities post the LLM program? Does NUI provide any kind of assistance to its graduates when it comes to finding employment? 

    Taking up international humanitarian law and conflict, definitely presents a unique picture. One is often directed towards working with the respective governments, non-governmental organizations or international organizations such as the UN.

    To that extent NUIG has been very helpful in providing me with assistance. One can sign up with the career development centre or be updated by the social media handle of the centre for any opportunity.

    At this juncture I must mention my appreciation for the administrators and the Director of the Irish Centre of Human Rights, who make sure that any employment opportunities that might interest the student is immediately mailed to the student.

    Lastly, any advice for the Indian law graduate who is considering a master’s abroad? 

    My advice would be to plan beforehand. Taking up an LL.M. indicates that you are passionate about that subject. A LL.M. abroad will expand your personal as well as your professional circles. Take into account your financial burden as well.

    Research upon the university and get in touch with an alumni if possible, as that would give you a first person account as to the workings of the university.

     


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  • Sanjana Tikkoo is an MBA ’21 candidate at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College. In an interview conducted by Prachi Gupta, Sanjana discusses, inter alia, her own experiences as a law student at Jamia Milia Islamia, where she graduated from in 2014.

    Sanjana also shares her journey as a corporate lawyer with stints at Luthra & Luthra, and Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas, and how she went about choosing the right business school for an MBA. 

    Sanjana Tikkoo is an MBA '21 candidate at the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College.
    Sanjana Tikkoo

    What made you choose law as a career?

    I did not choose law as a career. It just sort of happened – maybe it chose me! I have always envisioned myself as a bit of a renaissance person – someone who has broad intellectual interests and enjoys both the arts and the sciences. Consequently, coupled with the fact that I was generally undecided and unprepared to take the plunge after class 12, I ended up applying for (and in some cases getting into) programs as varied as biotechnology, computer science, and law. I ended up choosing law and don’t regret that choice much. But even today, I don’t know what I want to be when I “grow up”.

    As a law student, what were the main challenges you faced, and how did you manage to overcome them?

    As I am sure you would appreciate, studying a non-national law school has certain advantages and disadvantages. In my case, my school’s location in Delhi was a huge advantage – I was able to pursue post-class internships when the school was in session and to earn some pocket money on the side through events and tuitions.

    The disadvantages, unfortunately, were rather tedious to deal with due to the level of uncertainty they brought into the mix. The biggest challenge was getting internships. Top law-firms or lawyers have very little reason to hire from traditional law schools.

    If you look at it from their point of view, they were not incorporated for the benefit of law students in every itty-bitty law school out there. Their job is to maximize their clients’ and other stakeholders’ interests. If they decided to go searching for talent every year to every campus out there, it would be a very inefficient use of their time indeed.

    This is not unique to India and in fact a trend which prevails worldwide in law firms, MBB firms in management consulting, as well as the top investment banks or tech companies.

    Another huge challenge was the lack of resources and guidance when it came to participation in moot courts, parliamentary debates, or writing academic papers worth publishing in journals of some repute.

    The school I went to was heavily focused on pushing folks to pursue state judicial services or litigation in the district, courts and the system were not fine-tuned to cater to students with other ambitions.

    How difficult was it for you to land a corporate job upon graduating from Jamia? 

    It was difficult, but surprisingly, it wasn’t as difficult as it is generally made out to be. My family did not have what law students often call “contacts” or “connections” in the legal field. I had to hustle hard and network effectively with the right folks to get into the top firms and legal chambers, and then to build my personal brand by working hard during my internships.

    Law school was a five-year marathon. I believe I did a decent job of pacing myself and slowly ticked all the boxes that are required to set oneself up for a solid job. My first legal job was with a small corporate law firm called ASP Advocates that had just started – I will be forever grateful to the partners there who took a chance on me and gave me the perfect training wheels and huge exposure to many areas of law and legal practice management that set me up to successfully navigate the path ahead.

    My mentors at Luthra and Amarchand were also hugely instrumental in teaching and mentoring me every step of the way, and I would know nothing without their guidance.

    How does an MBA align with your degree in law? What made you consider doing an MBA after your law degree? 

    I had spent approximately five years focusing on equity and debt capital markets transactions, with a little taste of corporate advisory and M&A. I had the opportunity to lead teams of associates within my firm on end-to-end execution of various IPOs and domestic and international bond transactions.

    I realized that I enjoyed the transactional work, fast-paced, demanding environment, and project management aspects of deals a lot more than the legal and advisory aspects. I wanted to add elements of decision orientation to my skills of process orientation and drive transactions instead of being driven by the process.

    So, I decided to get an MBA to round-out my skillset before moving over to investment banking.

    I believe my corporate law experience equipped me with three key skills that would translate well into business:

    • Execution ability: Getting deals through despite short time frames, demanding clients, multiple issues, and parallel workstreams; the work ethic required for effective project management under extreme pressure.

    • Client interactions and negotiation: Ability to deal with clients, develop relationships, and manage to be authoritative yet reassuring at the same time.

    • Understanding of legal and regulatory issues –Developed a strong sense of risks and mitigants.

    Have you faced any challenges in B School being from a non-maths background?

    Not really. The GMAT features class 10 level math. Once you cross the admissions hurdle, there are excellent resources in business school to bring you up to speed. I studied math until Grade 12, so while I was a little rusty, I wasn’t completely clueless.

    How can one go about choosing the right B School? What kind of internships and courses should they do?

    It is a fine balance between depth and breadth. You need to experience various fields in law to get a taste of what resonates with you (breadth) while you also need to hone your skills in 2-3 focus areas you end up choosing based on that experience (depth).

    This can be through internships, moot courts, research and academic writing, networking, etc.

    What has your experience been like working for the top law firms?

    Amazing! It was a great mentorship experience, you get a play a role in transactions featured on the front pages of business publications, and a fantastic bunch of people to work with (which in my view is the most important factor).

    Most of these firms also don’t make you feel like you’re being compensated unfairly – in fact, good compensation plans are a huge motivator to attract and retain talent.

    Is there any piece of advice you have for the upcoming lawyers? 

    Build a well-rounded profile.

    Read!

    Please don’t waste a majority of your time on social media or Netflix. Consume the best of literature, fiction, non-fiction, history, behavioural economics. Be a great student of the world around you.

    Do not ever pigeon-hole yourself.

    If you want to be a good lawyer you have to first be a great student – learn a bunch of things which have nothing to do with the boring dusty tomes of legalese written by some paper-pushing bureaucrats. Learn what motivates people.

    Recognize the existence of biases in decision making. Frequently engage in self-reflection. Travel, solo whenever possible. Surround yourself with smart people and lean on one another to make each other succeed.

    Most importantly, learn how to analyze and mitigate risk – identify your reference points in choice and in risk; clarify your reference points by distinguishing your expectations, objectives, and constraints.

    Be all-in but do not forget the role of chance in your life. Risk is a choice, not a fate, but only if you can make that choice. Be wise about when and where you decide to be bold.

    (Prachi Gupta is a student of law at Aligarh Muslim University, and a mentee at the Upeksha Education’s Mentorship Programme)


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